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Newport, Rhode Island, a city renowned for its rich maritime history, is a treasure trove for underwater archaeologists and historians. Sunken ships off of the Rhode Island coast span various time periods, each telling its own unique story. This article delves into the history and tales of these wrecks, categorized by their historical periods.
Colonial and Revolutionary War Sunken Ships Off of the Rhode Island Coast
The Endeavour/Lord Sandwich
One of the most historically significant discoveries in Newport Harbor is the shipwreck of the Lord Sandwich, previously known as the Endeavour. Used by the famous explorer Capt. James Cook on his first voyage to the South Pacific, this ship later played a role in the American Revolutionary War. As the Lord Sandwich, it was repurposed as a prison ship for American patriots. Eventually, the British scuttled it in 1778 to create a blockade against the French fleet. This wreck, among others in Newport Harbor, reflects the complex maritime strategies employed during the Revolutionary War and the global journeys of 18th-century ships​​​​.
British Transport Ships
A fleet of British transport ships, deliberately sunk by the British forces in 1778, were discovered by the Rhode Island Marine Archaeology Project (RIMAP) in collaboration with the University of Rhode Island. These ships were part of a defensive strategy to prevent the French fleet from accessing Newport. Their discovery sheds light on the naval tactics of the Revolutionary War and provides a vivid picture of 18th-century naval warfare​​​​.
19th Century Shipwrecks
The Trajan
Another notable discovery off the coast of Rhode Island is the Trajan, a 125-foot bark that sank in 1867. This vessel, loaded with lime, represents the commercial maritime activities of the 19th century. Rediscovered by local divers and historians, the Trajan’s story is emblematic of the risks and perils of maritime trade in this era. Its discovery underscores the advancements in diving and maritime archaeology, enabling modern explorers to uncover and piece together the histories of such long-lost vessels​​.
Diving and Discovery
The exploration of these shipwrecks is a testament to the advancements in underwater archaeology and the dedication of local historians and divers. Utilizing technologies like side-scan sonar and engaging in rigorous historical research, teams like RIMAP have been instrumental in uncovering and preserving these maritime treasures. Their work not only brings to light forgotten chapters of history but also helps in protecting these underwater sites for future study and exploration.
Preservation and Education
The efforts of organizations like RIMAP extend beyond discovery. They are actively involved in preserving these historical sites and educating the public about Rhode Island’s rich maritime heritage. Their work is crucial in safeguarding these wrecks from threats like erosion and commercial exploitation. Through their educational programs and public outreach, they keep alive the stories of these shipwrecks, ensuring that the tales of bravery, exploration, and the historical significance of maritime activities continue to inspire future generations.
Closing Thoughts on the Sunken Ships off of the Rhode Island Coast
The waters off the coast of Newport, Rhode Island, are a living museum, rich with stories from different eras. Each wreck, whether from the Colonial period, the Revolutionary War, or the 19th century, offers a unique glimpse into the past. The ongoing work by divers, historians, and archaeologists ensures that these stories are not lost to the depths of the ocean but are brought to the surface for all to appreciate and learn from.
